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Vx vs Vy Comparison Calculator

Best angle or best rate? Compare gradient, time-to-altitude and position-at-altitude for both speeds — and see exactly what each choice buys and spends.

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Vx gradient (ft/nm)
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Vy gradient (ft/nm)
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Vy reaches the altitude sooner by (s)
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Vx reaches it earlier along track by (nm)

Vx wins where (steepest path), Vy wins when (quickest altitude). They converge with altitude and meet at the absolute ceiling — and the engine's cooling vote usually goes to Vy the moment the obstacle is behind you.

Formula

gradient = ROC×60/V; time = Δh/ROC; distance = V × time — two optima, one trade
References: FAA-H-8083-25C, Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, ch. 10–11; FAA-H-8083-3C, ch. 6 (climbs and climb speeds)

⚠️ For planning and education only. Weight & balance must be computed from YOUR aircraft's actual empty weight, arm and current equipment list, and verified against the POH/AFM envelope before flight.

Best angle or best rate? Compare gradient, time-to-altitude and position-at-altitude for both speeds — and see exactly what each choice buys and spends.

About Vx vs Vy Comparison Calculator

Vx versus Vy is taught as a definition pair and flown as a habit; this calculator turns it into visible geometry. Enter both speeds with their climb rates and a target altitude: out come the two gradients (Vx's steeper slope), the time difference (Vy's earlier arrival at altitude), and the along-track positions that explain the whole trade — the obstacle cares where you climb, the engine and schedule care when.

How to use Vx vs Vy Comparison Calculator

  1. 1Enter — sensible defaults are pre-filled so you see a worked result immediately.
  2. 2Read the live results: .
  3. 3Check the "With your numbers" line to see the formula gradient = ROC×60/V; time = Δh/ROC; distance = V × time — two optima, one trade substituted step by step.
  4. 4Adjust inputs (or flip the unit toggle) until the scenario matches yours, then copy or share the result.

Why use Vx vs Vy Comparison Calculator?

  • Instant, free and private — every calculation runs in your browser, nothing is uploaded
  • Built on the published formula gradient = ROC×60/V; time = Δh/ROC; distance = V × time — two optima, one trade with sources cited on the page
  • Vx wins where (steepest path), Vy wins when (quickest altitude). They converge with altitude and meet at the absolute ceiling — and the engine's cooling vote usually goes to Vy the moment the obstacle is behind you.
  • Switch units, tweak any input and watch every result update live

Frequently asked questions

What exactly do Vx and Vy each maximize?+

Vx maximizes altitude per unit of distance — excess thrust's domain — putting the most height between you and an obstacle at a fixed ground position. Vy maximizes altitude per unit of time — excess power's domain — reaching any altitude on the earliest clock. Same airplane, two different denominators, two different optima.

Why does the gap between Vx and Vy close with altitude?+

Thrust and power curves both sag with density, but they sag differently: Vx (true) creeps up while Vy (true) drifts down until the two meet at the absolute ceiling, where exactly one speed yields the airplane's last zero climb. Practically: at high density altitude the choice matters less aerodynamically — and more thermally, where Vy's airflow wins.

How long should I hold Vx after a short-field takeoff?+

Through the obstacle window and no longer: POH short-field procedures typically say Vx (often with flaps) until clear, then accelerate to Vy. Extended Vx climbs trade cooling margin, forward visibility and stall margin for a steepness no longer purchasing anything. The calculator's position outputs show how brief the Vx phase needs to be.

Are POH Vx/Vy values fixed numbers?+

They're max-gross sea-level placards that drift: both decrease a knot or two with weight below gross (≈ half the percentage of the weight reduction), Vx (indicated) rises slightly with altitude while Vy (indicated) falls — converging as above. The POH performance section notes the schedule where it matters; your type's numbers, today's weight.

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