ToolJoltTools

Power vs Hull Speed Calculator (Displacement Boats)

Horsepower to drive a displacement hull near its limit — Gerr's lb-per-hp curves turned into a planning tool, with the brutal last-knot price list.

0
Power required (approx) (hp)
0
Hull speed (kt)
0
Speed-length ratio

Run it twice and see the wall: this 14,000-lb cruiser wants ~18 hp for 6.5 kt but ~33 hp for 7.3 (hull speed). Displacement power scales with SL cubed — the formula every repowering conversation should start with.

Formula

SL = V/√LWL; lb-per-hp = (10.665/SL)³ (Gerr/Crouch displacement relation); hp = Δ ÷ lb-per-hp
References: Gerr, D., The Propeller Handbook / Boat Mechanical Systems (Intl Marine); Skene's Elements of Yacht Design (Kinney, 8th ed.)

⚠️ For planning and education only — verify with your vessel's documentation, naval-architecture data and official sources. Not for navigation or stability decisions on real voyages without professional data.

Horsepower to drive a displacement hull near its limit — Gerr's lb-per-hp curves turned into a planning tool, with the brutal last-knot price list.

About Power vs Hull Speed Calculator (Displacement Boats)

“How big an engine does my boat need?” has a century-old answer for displacement hulls: Dave Gerr's curve relating pounds-per-horsepower to speed-length ratio, with power demand rising as the CUBE of relative speed. This calculator runs it for any displacement and waterline — returning the approximate shaft power for a target speed, the hull-speed context, and a verdict that flags when you've left the regime where more engine helps at all.

How to use Power vs Hull Speed Calculator (Displacement Boats)

  1. 1Enter — sensible defaults are pre-filled so you see a worked result immediately.
  2. 2Read the live results: .
  3. 3Check the "With your numbers" line to see the formula SL = V/√LWL; lb-per-hp = (10.665/SL)³ (Gerr/Crouch displacement relation); hp = Δ ÷ lb-per-hp substituted step by step.
  4. 4Adjust inputs (or flip the unit toggle) until the scenario matches yours, then copy or share the result.

Why use Power vs Hull Speed Calculator (Displacement Boats)?

  • Instant, free and private — every calculation runs in your browser, nothing is uploaded
  • Built on the published formula SL = V/√LWL; lb-per-hp = (10.665/SL)³ (Gerr/Crouch displacement relation); hp = Δ ÷ lb-per-hp with sources cited on the page
  • Run it twice and see the wall: this 14,000-lb cruiser wants ~18 hp for 6.5 kt but ~33 hp for 7.3 (hull speed). Displacement power scales with SL cubed — the formula every repowering conversation should start with.
  • Switch units, tweak any input and watch every result update live

Frequently asked questions

What is speed-length ratio and why does power follow its cube?+

SL = speed ÷ √waterline — the boat-world's Froude number in knots-and-feet clothing (hull speed is SL 1.34). Wave-making resistance grows roughly with the cube of speed in the displacement band, so the lb-per-hp a hull can carry collapses as (1/SL)³: SL 1.0 carries ~1,200 lb/hp, SL 1.3 only ~550. The cube is why the last knot costs double.

How much engine for a typical cruising sailboat's auxiliary?+

The traditional answer falls out of this math: 2–3 hp per ton (2,240 lb) of displacement reaches SL ≈ 1.1–1.2 in calm water — a 14,000-lb sloop motors fine on 18–25 hp. Bumping to 40 hp buys punching into chop and current (real value), not more flat-water speed (the wall doesn't negotiate). Modern boats over-spec for the chop case, sensibly.

Does the formula include propeller losses?+

Gerr's relation is calibrated to shaft horsepower with a decent propeller (50–55% propulsive efficiency baked into its empirical constants). A badly matched prop — wrong pitch, too small, fouled — can eat a third of the predicted performance, which is why repower disappointments are usually propeller stories. Our propeller-slip tool audits that half of the system.

Why does the verdict refuse speeds past SL 1.34?+

Because the empirical curve was fitted in the displacement regime — past hull speed, a true displacement hull squats, drags its stern wave and converts horsepower to wake almost dimensionlessly. Going meaningfully faster requires hull shape (flat run aft, chines) that develops dynamic lift: semi-displacement design. The tool flagging red isn't pessimism; it's telling you the question changed from engine to naval architect.

Related tools

Related Field tools

Sponsored